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Store Embeddings

Embeddings are stored in a table as a column of type INTEGER[], REAL[], or pgvector's VECTOR type. This guide provides examples of how to create a table with an embedding column, insert embeddings into the table, and update or delete embeddings. Note that the examples use SQL, but we also provide examples for Python, JavaScript, Ruby, and Rust.

Table Operations

Create table with embedding column

Define a table structure that contains an embedding column.

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CREATE TABLE books (
    id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
    title TEXT NOT NULL,
    author TEXT,
    book_summary TEXT,
    published_at INTEGER,
    text_embedding REAL[3],
    reviews TEXT
);

Add embedding column to table

Add an additional embedding column to your table.

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ALTER TABLE books ADD COLUMN reviews_embedding REAL[];

Storing Rows

Insert embeddings into the table

Populate your table with embedding data.

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INSERT INTO books (id, title, author, published_at, book_embedding, reviews) VALUES
    (1, 'The Lightning Thief', 'Rick Riordan', 1999, '{0,0,1}', NULL),
    (2, 'White Fang', 'Jack London', 2000, '{1,0,1}', 'Good');

Upsert embedding

Insert a new row or update the embedding of an existing row.

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INSERT INTO books (id, title, book_embedding) VALUES
    (4, 'The Lord of the Rings', '{1,1,0}')
ON CONFLICT (id)
DO UPDATE SET book_embedding = EXCLUDED.book_embedding;

Update embeddings

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UPDATE books SET book_embedding = '{0,0,0}' WHERE id = 1;
UPDATE books SET book_embedding = ARRAY[0,0,0] WHERE id = 2;

Delete embeddings

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DELETE FROM books WHERE id = 1;

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